ࡱ> MOL5@ bjbj22 w,XX=00008 $4 $ME2d d d d d C C C =ZL,LDFRHbD' ? C ' ' D00d d E ' ^08d d  '    :,hSd X P  ,E0MER3I v3IS00003ISC "e  }  C C C DDD ^ Pertussis Advisory Pertussis is now a common disease, with 1,000-2,000 confirmed cases identified in Massachusetts (MA) each year. Pertussis peaks in the late fall/early winter and cases are currently being reported from all areas of the state. Workplaces, agencies and individuals should be aware of the signs and symptoms of pertussis. What is pertussis? Pertussis (also called whooping cough) is a disease caused by bacteria that spreads from person to person with close contact. Pertussis is often mild in older children and adults, but can cause serious problems in infants. Who gets pertussis? In MA, pertussis is most common among people 10-20 years old who have lost the protection they got from childhood vaccines. Infants are also likely to get the disease since they are often too young to have full protection from the vaccine. What are the symptoms? Pertussis is a cough illness whose symptoms can range from mild to severe. It usually begins with cold-like symptoms, with a runny nose, sneezing and dry cough. The cough lasts for a week or two, then slowly gets worse. The next stage, which may last from four to six weeks, may be marked by coughing spells that are uncontrollable and may be followed by vomiting. Between spells, the person may appear to be well and usually there is no fever. These typical symptoms are more common in infants and young children. Vaccinated children, teens and adults may have milder symptoms that can seem like bronchitis. How is pertussis spread? The germs that cause pertussis live in the nose, mouth and throat and are sprayed into the air when an infected person sneezes, coughs or talks. Other people can then inhale the germs in the droplets produced by the person with pertussis. Touching a tissue or sharing a cup used by someone with the disease can also spread the disease. The first symptoms usually appear 7 to 10 days after a person is exposed, although sometimes people do not get sick for up to 21 days after their last exposure. How is pertussis diagnosed? Pertussis can be very difficult to diagnose. A doctor may think a patient has pertussis based on their symptoms, however, a culture or blood test are the only ways to be sure. The culture is taken by swab from the back of the nose if the patient has been coughing for two weeks or less. In children 11 years and older, the blood test is taken when the cough has persisted for longer than two weeks. How can pertussis Although DTP or DTaP vaccine (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis) usually provides be prevented? adequate protection against pertussis to children, the effects of the vaccine wear off over time, leaving most teens and adults at risk of the disease. However, a new vaccine for teens and adults, called Tdap, is now recommended to give protection against pertussis in these age groups. Tdap is given as a single booster dose. If your child or adolescent (10 years of age or older) has not yet had a dose of Tdap, contact your healthcare provider to discuss receiving this vaccine. If your child is less than 7 years of age, they should be up to date (check with you provider if you are unsure). Antibiotics are sometimes given to help prevent illness in the contacts of someone with pertussis, or to decrease infectiousness in someone with pertussis. After five days of treatment a case is no longer contagious. What should I do? If you are symptomatic, you should be tested for pertussis by your familys health care provider and, per Massachusettss requirements, must begin antibiotic treatment before returning to work. Please contact your health care provider and bring this advisory with you. Individuals who are symptomatic and who have had close contact with a case of pertussis will be excluded from work until they have completed 5 days of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Please report your illness to your employer, and workplaces should report suspect or confirmed cases to the local board of health. If you have further questions, please call your school nurse, your local board of health, or the Massachusetts Department of Public Health at (617) 983-6800.     Massachusetts Department of Public Health Division of Epidemiology and Immunization November 2006 General Information ^~ " ] ^ p R e X n N /1tuһymmbhjrhCJaJhjrhH(CJ\aJhjrhs 5CJaJhjrhaOCJaJh5CJaJhjrhICJaJhjrhH(5CJaJhjrhs CJaJhjrhH(CJaJhjrhs CJ\aJhjrh8CJ\aJhH(CJOJQJ^Jhs hH(aJ$hs hs aJ$hs "] ^ Q R W X [ `1$gd `@ 1$^@ `gdV@ $1$a$gdV@1$gdV@, $d%d&d'dNOPQgdV@ !P gds =aMNmn -./XYZ[\6789:;Ƹ󬣙zqh_WOhzCJaJhP2CJaJhjrCJ\aJhCJ\aJhCJ\aJhjrh'|CJ\aJhjrhaOCJ\aJ hp^3CJ\h_6hp^3CJ\h$ICJ\aJh$IhCJ\aJheh5CJ\aJhjrh'|CJaJhehCJaJhjrhCJaJhjrh5CJaJhjrhCJ\aJ[\789:;\]c)$$d%d&d'dNOPQa$gdaO-$@ $d%d&d'dNOPQ^@ a$gd51$@ $d%d&d'dNOPQ^@ `a$gd5 `@ 1$^@ `gdV@ ;LMXciZ?@E9;<=>@Aٳى~~v~vvj^VRVh!jh!UhaOhH(6]aJhjrhH(5CJaJheCJaJhjrh8WCJaJhjrhaO5CJ\aJhjrh35CJ\aJhjrh8W5CJ\aJhjrhs 5CJ\aJhjrh55CJaJhjrh5CJ\aJhjrh55CJ\aJhjrhH(5CJ\aJhjrhH(CJaJ <=?@BCEFHIywwwwwwww1$@ $d%d&d'dNOPQ^@ `a$gds )$$d%d&d'dNOPQa$gds )$$d%d&d'dNOPQa$gdaO ACDFGI^s~haOhH(6]aJh7Wh2Ih?g!h oh3h3CJaJhs h3CJaJjh!Uh!Is1$@ $d%d&d'dNOPQ^@ `a$gds  !P gds , $d%d&d'dNOPQgds u0P+p,p-p.p/R 4567:p/ =!"#z$h%8@8 Normal_HmH sH tH DAD Default Paragraph FontViV  Table Normal :V 44 la (k(No List >@ TitleO$$d%d&d'd1$NOPQa$5CJ$OJQJB@ Body TextO$$d%d&d'd1$NOPQa$5CJP@ Body Text 2O$$d%d&d'd1$NOPQa$5CJ4@"4 Header  !4 @24 Footer  !,]^QRWX [ \ 7 8 9 : ; \]<=?Bs000000000000000000p00p00000p00 0000My00My00@0@0@0My00@0@0My0 0C0HDM90 cc;A [I8@0(  B S  ?t"  9*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsplace9*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsState ==??@@BCEFHI59MP  ==??@@BCEFHI33333==??@@BCEFHIs==??@@BCEFHI cdebruzzizj/zX@h  ^ `OJQJo(hHh  ^ `OJQJ^Jo(hHohxx^x`OJQJo(hHhHH^H`OJQJo(hHh^`OJQJ^Jo(hHoh^`OJQJo(hHh^`OJQJo(hHh^`OJQJ^Jo(hHohX X ^X `OJQJo(hHh  ^ `OJQJo(hHh  ^ `OJQJ^Jo(hHohxx^x`OJQJo(hHhHH^H`OJQJo(hHh^`OJQJ^Jo(hHoh^`OJQJo(hHh^`OJQJo(hHh^`OJQJ^Jo(hHohX X ^X `OJQJo(hHzX                  ! 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